{
  "meta": {
    "title": "Document authentication for use in Georgia",
    "country": "Georgia",
    "countryCode": "GE",
    "description": "Which foreign public documents need an apostille, consular legalization, or nothing beyond a notarized Georgian translation, to be used in the country of Georgia.",
    "dataAsOf": "2026-06-30",
    "generatedAt": "2026-11-12",
    "haguePartiesTotal": 130,
    "counts": {
      "none_bilateral_treaty": 8,
      "none_minsk_convention": 6,
      "apostille": 113,
      "special_cases": 3,
      "total_listed": 130
    },
    "alwaysRequired": "In every case the document must still be translated into Georgian and the translation notarized in Georgia. A private document such as a power of attorney is first certified by a notary in the country of origin; the apostille / legalization / treaty exemption then applies to that notarial certification.",
    "disclaimer": "Information about the rules as published, not legal advice. Treaty statuses and Convention membership change; verify with the receiving authority for high-stakes documents.",
    "license": {
      "name": "Free to reuse with attribution to Relocation.ge",
      "attribution": "Relocation.ge — https://relocation.ge/en/georgia-document-legalization"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "name": "HCCH — Hague Apostille Convention (No. 12) status table",
        "url": "https://www.hcch.net/en/instruments/conventions/status-table/?cid=41"
      },
      {
        "name": "National Notary Chamber of Georgia — international legal acts",
        "url": "https://www.notary.ge/geo-2334-saertashoriso-samartlebrivi-aqtebi"
      },
      {
        "name": "Georgia's accession to the 1993 Minsk Convention — Decree No. 93 (matsne)",
        "url": "https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/37708"
      },
      {
        "name": "Public Service Development Agency of Georgia (PSDA)",
        "url": "https://sda.gov.ge/en"
      }
    ]
  },
  "defaultRegime": "legalization",
  "regimes": {
    "none": "Nothing beyond a notarized Georgian translation (legal-assistance-treaty exemption).",
    "apostille": "A single apostille obtained in the country of origin (Hague Convention 1961).",
    "legalization": "Full consular legalization chain (origin notary → origin MFA → Georgian consulate)."
  },
  "bases": {
    "bilateral_treaty": "Bilateral legal-assistance treaty between Georgia and the country.",
    "minsk_convention": "1993 Minsk Convention — applied in Georgian practice; strict treaty status debated.",
    "hague_1961": "Hague Apostille Convention 1961 (Georgia is a party since 2007).",
    "default": "No instrument — consular legalization is the fallback."
  },
  "countries": [
    {
      "code": "AL",
      "name": "Albania",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "DZ",
      "name": "Algeria",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "AD",
      "name": "Andorra",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "AG",
      "name": "Antigua and Barbuda",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "AR",
      "name": "Argentina",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "AM",
      "name": "Armenia",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "bilateral_treaty",
      "note": "Bilateral treaty 1996."
    },
    {
      "code": "AU",
      "name": "Australia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "AT",
      "name": "Austria",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "AZ",
      "name": "Azerbaijan",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "bilateral_treaty",
      "note": "Bilateral treaty 1996."
    },
    {
      "code": "BS",
      "name": "Bahamas",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BH",
      "name": "Bahrain",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BD",
      "name": "Bangladesh",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BB",
      "name": "Barbados",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BY",
      "name": "Belarus",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "minsk_convention",
      "caveat": "Accepted in current Georgian practice under the 1993 Minsk Convention, which Georgia continues to apply despite leaving the CIS in 2009. Its strict treaty status is debated — confirm with the receiving authority or a notary for high-stakes documents."
    },
    {
      "code": "BE",
      "name": "Belgium",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BZ",
      "name": "Belize",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BO",
      "name": "Bolivia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BA",
      "name": "Bosnia and Herzegovina",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BW",
      "name": "Botswana",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BR",
      "name": "Brazil",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BN",
      "name": "Brunei Darussalam",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "BG",
      "name": "Bulgaria",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "bilateral_treaty",
      "note": "Bilateral treaty 1995. Also a Hague member (apostille also accepted)."
    },
    {
      "code": "BI",
      "name": "Burundi",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CV",
      "name": "Cabo Verde",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CA",
      "name": "Canada",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CL",
      "name": "Chile",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CN",
      "name": "China",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CO",
      "name": "Colombia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CK",
      "name": "Cook Islands",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CR",
      "name": "Costa Rica",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "HR",
      "name": "Croatia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CY",
      "name": "Cyprus",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CZ",
      "name": "Czechia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "DK",
      "name": "Denmark",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "DM",
      "name": "Dominica",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "DO",
      "name": "Dominican Republic",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "EC",
      "name": "Ecuador",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SV",
      "name": "El Salvador",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "EE",
      "name": "Estonia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SZ",
      "name": "Eswatini",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "FJ",
      "name": "Fiji",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "FI",
      "name": "Finland",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "FR",
      "name": "France",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "DE",
      "name": "Germany",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "GR",
      "name": "Greece",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "bilateral_treaty",
      "note": "Bilateral treaty 1999. Also a Hague member (apostille also accepted)."
    },
    {
      "code": "GD",
      "name": "Grenada",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "GT",
      "name": "Guatemala",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "GY",
      "name": "Guyana",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "HN",
      "name": "Honduras",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "HU",
      "name": "Hungary",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "IS",
      "name": "Iceland",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "IN",
      "name": "India",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "ID",
      "name": "Indonesia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "IE",
      "name": "Ireland",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "IL",
      "name": "Israel",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "IT",
      "name": "Italy",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "JM",
      "name": "Jamaica",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "JP",
      "name": "Japan",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "KZ",
      "name": "Kazakhstan",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "bilateral_treaty",
      "note": "Bilateral treaty 1996."
    },
    {
      "code": "XK",
      "name": "Kosovo",
      "regime": "legalization",
      "basis": "default",
      "note": "Georgia objected to Kosovo’s accession and does not recognise Kosovo, so apostille does not operate between them."
    },
    {
      "code": "KG",
      "name": "Kyrgyzstan",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "minsk_convention",
      "caveat": "Accepted in current Georgian practice under the 1993 Minsk Convention, which Georgia continues to apply despite leaving the CIS in 2009. Its strict treaty status is debated — confirm with the receiving authority or a notary for high-stakes documents."
    },
    {
      "code": "LV",
      "name": "Latvia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "LS",
      "name": "Lesotho",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "LR",
      "name": "Liberia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "LI",
      "name": "Liechtenstein",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "LT",
      "name": "Lithuania",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "LU",
      "name": "Luxembourg",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MW",
      "name": "Malawi",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MT",
      "name": "Malta",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MH",
      "name": "Marshall Islands",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MU",
      "name": "Mauritius",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MX",
      "name": "Mexico",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MD",
      "name": "Moldova",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "minsk_convention",
      "caveat": "Accepted in current Georgian practice under the 1993 Minsk Convention, which Georgia continues to apply despite leaving the CIS in 2009. Its strict treaty status is debated — confirm with the receiving authority or a notary for high-stakes documents."
    },
    {
      "code": "MC",
      "name": "Monaco",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MN",
      "name": "Mongolia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "ME",
      "name": "Montenegro",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MA",
      "name": "Morocco",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "NA",
      "name": "Namibia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "NL",
      "name": "Netherlands",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "NZ",
      "name": "New Zealand",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "NI",
      "name": "Nicaragua",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "NU",
      "name": "Niue",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "MK",
      "name": "North Macedonia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "NO",
      "name": "Norway",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "OM",
      "name": "Oman",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "PK",
      "name": "Pakistan",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "PW",
      "name": "Palau",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "PA",
      "name": "Panama",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "PY",
      "name": "Paraguay",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "PE",
      "name": "Peru",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "PH",
      "name": "Philippines",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "PL",
      "name": "Poland",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "PT",
      "name": "Portugal",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "KR",
      "name": "Republic of Korea",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "RO",
      "name": "Romania",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "RU",
      "name": "Russian Federation",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "minsk_convention",
      "caveat": "Accepted in current Georgian practice under the 1993 Minsk Convention, which Georgia continues to apply despite leaving the CIS in 2009. Its strict treaty status is debated — confirm with the receiving authority or a notary for high-stakes documents.",
      "note": "No bilateral treaty; relies on the Minsk Convention. Georgia–Russia consular legalization is unavailable (no diplomatic relations since 2008)."
    },
    {
      "code": "RW",
      "name": "Rwanda",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "KN",
      "name": "Saint Kitts and Nevis",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "LC",
      "name": "Saint Lucia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "VC",
      "name": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "WS",
      "name": "Samoa",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SM",
      "name": "San Marino",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "ST",
      "name": "Sao Tome and Principe",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SA",
      "name": "Saudi Arabia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SN",
      "name": "Senegal",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "RS",
      "name": "Serbia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SC",
      "name": "Seychelles",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SG",
      "name": "Singapore",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SK",
      "name": "Slovakia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SI",
      "name": "Slovenia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "ZA",
      "name": "South Africa",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "ES",
      "name": "Spain",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SR",
      "name": "Suriname",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "SE",
      "name": "Sweden",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "CH",
      "name": "Switzerland",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "TJ",
      "name": "Tajikistan",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "minsk_convention",
      "caveat": "Accepted in current Georgian practice under the 1993 Minsk Convention, which Georgia continues to apply despite leaving the CIS in 2009. Its strict treaty status is debated — confirm with the receiving authority or a notary for high-stakes documents."
    },
    {
      "code": "TH",
      "name": "Thailand",
      "regime": "legalization",
      "basis": "default",
      "effectiveFrom": "2027-02-28",
      "note": "Joined the Apostille Convention; apostille becomes effective 28 Feb 2027. Until then, consular legalization."
    },
    {
      "code": "TO",
      "name": "Tonga",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "TT",
      "name": "Trinidad and Tobago",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "TN",
      "name": "Tunisia",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "TR",
      "name": "Türkiye",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "bilateral_treaty",
      "note": "Bilateral treaty 1996. Also a Hague member (apostille also accepted)."
    },
    {
      "code": "TM",
      "name": "Turkmenistan",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "bilateral_treaty",
      "note": "Bilateral treaty 1996. (Not a Hague member.)"
    },
    {
      "code": "UA",
      "name": "Ukraine",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "bilateral_treaty",
      "note": "Bilateral treaty 1995. (Also has an apostille alternative.)"
    },
    {
      "code": "GB",
      "name": "United Kingdom",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "US",
      "name": "United States of America",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "UY",
      "name": "Uruguay",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "UZ",
      "name": "Uzbekistan",
      "regime": "none",
      "basis": "minsk_convention",
      "caveat": "Accepted in current Georgian practice under the 1993 Minsk Convention, which Georgia continues to apply despite leaving the CIS in 2009. Its strict treaty status is debated — confirm with the receiving authority or a notary for high-stakes documents."
    },
    {
      "code": "VU",
      "name": "Vanuatu",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "VE",
      "name": "Venezuela",
      "regime": "apostille",
      "basis": "hague_1961"
    },
    {
      "code": "VN",
      "name": "Viet Nam",
      "regime": "legalization",
      "basis": "default",
      "effectiveFrom": "2026-09-11",
      "note": "Joined the Apostille Convention; apostille becomes effective 11 Sep 2026. Until then, consular legalization."
    }
  ]
}